Equisetum arvense (Field Horsetail)

Equisetum arvense, commonly known as Field Horsetail or Common Horsetail, is a perennial, bushy plant native to the Northern Hemisphere. It features a unique rhizomatous stem system and two types of stems: sterile and fertile. The sterile stems, taller and bushier, appear after the fertile stems wither. These green, jointed stems can grow up to 60 cm tall, with segments around 2.5 cm long. Notably, Equisetum arvense has a very high diploid chromosome number — 216 — about five times that of humans.

Parts Used:

• Aerial parts (herbs)

Description:
Field Horsetail is rich in minerals such as silicon (10%), potassium, and calcium, contributing to its traditional use in supporting bones, cartilage, and connective tissue. In herbal practices, it is employed for treating urinary disorders, wounds, and internal bleeding. The plant also played historical roles as a polishing abrasive (earning the name pewterwort) and in musical instrument care.

In Japan and Korea, young buds are consumed as a vegetable in spring. Caution: Other Equisetum species are considered toxic, and this plant may synthesize nicotine in polluted areas.

Constituents:

• Silica (high concentration)

• Alkaloids (including nicotine)

• Minerals: potassium, calcium

• Mucilage and flavonoids

Medicinal Uses:

• Acts as a diuretic, beneficial for kidney, bladder, and prostate issues.

• Useful in treating cystitis, urethritis, and internal urinary tract bleeding.

• Astringent properties make it an effective styptic for nosebleeds, wound clotting, and coughing up blood.

• Externally, it is applied for chilblains, wounds, and skin ailments.

• Supports connective tissue repair, improving strength and elasticity.

• Used in Biodynamic farming to mitigate fungal issues caused by excess moisture.

The infertile green stems are most potent when fresh but can be dried for later medicinal use.