Arnica Montana

Classification: -
Kingdom: Plantae
Class: Eudicots
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Arnica
Species: Arnica montana
Common name: Mountain Arnica or Leopard’s Bane
Scientific name: Arnica montana
 
Introduction:
Arnica montana, commonly known as Mountain Arnica or Leopard’s Bane is a perennial herb and belongs to sunflower family. These plants are having bright yellow-colored flowers. The plants are used for both herbal and homeopathic treatment. It can also be used for treating bruises, inflammation and pain. This plant can be found in mountainous regions of Europe.
 
Habit and Habitat:
Plants of Arnica are grown at high altitudes (500 to 2500 metres) in cool climate especially in areas like forests and hills. The species of this plant can also be found in the countries like Switzerland, Germany and France. This plant prefers high sunlight and slightly acidic soil. The flowers of the plant blooms in summer from May to August.
 
Morphology and Anatomy:
Arnica montana has lifespan of two years. It grows up to 60 cm tall. The plant is having short, hairy stem with small pairs of rosette ovate shaped leaves. It reproduces through both seeds and rhizomes. The seeds of plants are produced after flowering. The rhizome is thick underground root of plant which stores food so that plant can survive through winters. The flowers of Arnica look like yellow daisies.
 
Medicinal Uses:
The plants of Arnica are used as traditional and homeopathic medicine. In homeopathy, the flowers of plant are diluted and used for treatment of shock, trauma and internal bruising. But internal use of this medicine should be done under medical supervision. It can also be applied on skin in the form of creams, gels or ointments which helps to relieve joint pain, muscle stiffness, bruises and swelling. It can also improve blood flow and inflammation.
 
Causes:
This plant contains a compound called helenalin, which is toxic and can be dangerous if taken in large amount.  It can also nausea, vomiting, dizziness and even cardiac problems. It is can only be used externally and should never be applied on open wounds or broken skin.
 
Conclusion:
Arnica montana is a powerful medicinal herb and has many benefits. It is safe and effective and should be used properly. This plant is not only attractive but also highly valued for its natural healing properties. Due to its growing demand and overharvesting, this plant is found rarely in wild areas and is now protected in many regions of Europe.